Essential Thai Phrases Worth Knowing Before You Fly
Hello and Thank You — the Basics That Genuinely Change the Reception
"Sawasdee ka" (for women speaking) or "sawasdee krap" (for men) means hello. "Khop khun ka/krap" means thank you. The difference in ending (ka for women, krap for men) is a basic politeness rule in Thai — using it correctly, even with no other word, already creates a positive impression with almost any Thai person.
Basic Numbers for the Market
You don't need full counting fluency, but being able to say "tao rai" (how much does this cost) and understand a basic-number answer saves a lot of dependence on gestures and a calculator. Just knowing how to say "paeng" (expensive) in a light tone, with a smile, already helps in haggling.
'Mai Phet' — the Most Useful Word for Food
We've mentioned this in our food guides already, but worth repeating: "mai phet" (not spicy) is probably the single most useful word for anyone sensitive to spice — almost anywhere will understand and adjust.
'Mai Pen Rai' — Thai Attitude in a Nutshell
This phrase means roughly "it's okay / no worries", and it's almost a Thai life philosophy in itself. Using it (say, when something doesn't go exactly as planned) shows a cultural understanding that's very much appreciated.
Phrases for food and restaurants
A few small words greatly improve the dining experience. "Mai sai nam pla" means without fish sauce, "aroi" means delicious, and "phet nit noi" means a little spicy. You already know "mai phet". If you are vegetarian, it helps to add a clear explanation and a smile. These words are not a substitute for a detailed explanation about allergies, and in that case it is better to write it down. More details are in the vegetarian guide and the dishes you must try.
Phrases for markets and shopping
At the market, "tao rai" means how much is it, and "phaeng" means expensive. You can try asking for a small discount, always with a smile and politely. If you are not interested, "mai ao" means I do not want it, and you can add "khob khun" to end on a warm note. Do not insist on very small discounts, and do not haggle if you have no intention of buying. You will find more tips in the bargaining guide and the tipping guide.
Phrases for getting around and for restrooms
When you are looking for a restroom, you can ask "hong nam yu thi nai", meaning where is the restroom. "Khor thot" is useful for apologizing and getting attention, like "excuse me". If you take a taxi, show the address on your phone, because inexact pronunciation can cause confusion. Do not forget that the polite ending is ka for women and khrap for men. For transport information see the transport guide and the Grab and Bolt guide.
Numbers and other useful words
Basic numbers help at markets: nueng (1), song (2), sam (3), si (4), ha (5). Other words: "chai" means yes, and "mai chai" means no. There is no need for perfect command of the language, and Thai people appreciate any effort. The tones in the language change the meaning, so do not be alarmed if you are not understood the first time, and try again with a smile. Before the trip it is worth reading the etiquette guide.
Pronunciation, tones and politeness
Thai has five tones, so a single word can take on several meanings. Do not stress: Thai people usually understand from context, and a smile fixes a lot. Speak slowly and politely, and ask people to point or write if needed. You can download a translation app as a backup. A slight bow with pressed palms, called the wai, is used as a greeting, but tourists are not obliged to do it, and a warm smile is completely enough.
Phrases for hotels and emergencies
A few more useful phrases: "chuay duay" means help, and "khor nam plao" means may I have water. At a hotel you can put "khor" before any request, to ask politely. In an emergency it is more important to get help than to speak correctly, and the tourist police number is 1155. Keep the hotel address written on your phone. More on safety in the scams guide.
Keep reading
How to order Thai food: spice levels, leaving out ingredients and paying.
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